The nonradiative changeover fees Stick to the formula WNR = W (0) exp(-alphap), wherever p is the number of phonons matching the Strength hole. The nonradiative changeover rates of Er3+ show temperature dependence in step with the multiphonon peace idea. In Tm3+ the temperature dependence of nonradiative peace premiums is https://chrisu470efg5.wiki-jp.com/user